基于核独立成分分析的盲多用户检测算法

席聪 张太镒 刘枫

针对部分多用户检测算法需要对信道参数进行估计的缺点，提出了一种基于核独立成分分析的盲多用户检测算法．该算法根据源信号的不同分布情况，在重建核希尔伯特空间内选取不同的非线性函数作为对比函数，将信号从低维空间映射到高维空间．在高维空间，接收端利用已知信息，将目标用户扩频码作为解混矩阵的初始值，利用自适应方法进行迭代，有效地解决了盲信号分离的无序性，实现了目标用户信号的提取．仿真实验表明，该算法的误码率性能在用户数量增大和远近效应严重的情况下都远优于基于匹配滤波器的单用户检测器，与传统独立成分分析方法相比更具灵活性和鲁棒性．

加速溶剂萃取技术在中药有效成分分析中的应用

Application of Accelerated Solvent Extraction Technique for Analysis of Active Components in Traditional Chinese Medicinal Herbs

陈军辉[1,2] 杨佰娟[1] 李文龙[1] 王小如[1,3] 黎先春[1] 杨黄浩[1]

以两种药材为研究实例,对加速溶剂萃取法（ASE）在中药材有效成分提取研究中的应用进行了简要介绍。采用正交试验法考察了提取丹参中丹酚酸B的提取条件（萃取温度、静态萃取时间、萃取溶剂以及料液比）,确定了较好的实验条件。比较了ASE、水蒸气蒸馏法、超声波提取法及索氏提取法对木香挥发油的提取效果,结果表明ASE对木香挥发油的提取效果最好。[著者文摘]

The application of accelerated solvent extraction （ASE） technique for the Analysis of active components in traditional Chinese medicinal herbs was introduced by using two kinds of herbs as examples. The conditions including extraction temperature, static extraction time, the ratio of material to solvent and solvent of ASE for extraction of salvianolic acid B in Salvia miltiorrhiza were optimized by orthogonal experiments, and the optimal conditions were obtained. Different extraction methods （ASE, steam distillation, ultrasonic wave and Soxhlet extraction） were used to extract volatile oil in Aucklandia lappa Decne. Results of the comparative experiments indicated that ASE was the most effective method in this case. All the results from these studies demonstrate that ASE is indeed a powerful tool in the preparation of herbal extracts for downstream chromatographic analysis.[著者文摘]

部分功率训练序列与OFDM承载数据的优化分离

Optimum Separation of OFDM Data and Partial Power Training Sequence in Frequency Selective Fading Channels

刘田 唐友喜 赵宏志 宋丽英 李少谦

在采用部分功率训练序列同步的OFDM系统中，接收到的OFDM承载的数据信号会受到部分功率训练序列的严重干扰。由于信道估计的误差，使得对训练序列的分离同样存在误差。本文给出了在频率选择性衰落信道中，一种优化的抑制训练序列对OFDM承载数据的干扰的方法。通过理论分析，给出了优化的训练序列对消因子。计算机仿真结果验证了理论分析的合理性。[著者文摘]

In Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing （OFDM） system, when using the partial power training sequence to synchronize, the received data signals will be seriously interfered by the training sequence. Due to the imperfect channel estimation, even if the training sequence separation technique is used, errors will also occur while using the inadequate knowledge of channel to perform the training sequence separation. This paper proposes an optimum method to suppress the interference from the training sequence to the data bearing OFDM symbols in frequency selective fading channels. A closed form formula for the optimized training sequence canceling factor is given by the theoretical analysis and its reasonability is verified by the simulation results.[著者文摘]

气体传感器阵列信号的盲分离研究

Studies on Blind Separation of Gas Sensor Array Signals

魏广芬[1] 唐祯安[1] 陈正豪[2] 余隽[1] 王立鼎[1] 闫桂珍[3]

采用气体传感器阵列研究混合气体中各气体成分的体积分数，当气体成分的体积分数划分细致且组合种类多时，模式识别方法面临模式类别增多引起的神经网络结构复杂且训练时间长等问题．为了克服这一缺点，本文在使用一个四单元微热板式集成气体传感器阵列测试煤矿中的两种主要易燃易爆气体——一氧化碳和甲烷的基础上，将气体传感器阵列与盲信号分离技术相结合，讨论了混合气体分析的盲可辨识性，并使用盲信号分离中的一种主要方法——独立分量分析法（ICA）进行了分析和验证．[第一段]

Responses of a Micro-hotplate based integrated gas sensor array to CO and CH4 were measured with an automated gas sensor calibration system. Combining with the blind source separation（BSS） techniques, the blind separability in gas mixture analysis was discussed. The widely used BSS approach-Independent Component Analysis（ICA） was adopted to verify the proposed method by analyzing the gas mixtures of CO and CH4. The analysis results demonstrate that BSS was an effective way to extract the information of gas components in mixtures, from which the gas concentrations can be estimated. The average relative quantification errors were 9.37% and 8.11% for CO and CH4, respectively, in the specified concentration ranges.[著者文摘]

MAPO中水分含量的近红外光谱测定

Near infrared spectrometry used for determining water content of MAPO

程福银[1,2] 何峻荣[2] 曹庆玲[2] 白杰[2]

应用标准加入法及多种化学计量学方法研究了三-1-（2-甲基氮丙啶）氧化膦（MAPO）中水分含量的近红外光谱测定方法。分别用单波长回归、多元线性回归、主成分回归、偏最小二乘回归和人工神经网络等方法建立校正模型，用预测残差平方和评价计算结果的准确性。计算结果表明，单波长校正模型可得到更加准确的预测结果。实验结果表明，标准加入法的回收率为95％～108％，相对标准偏差为1．6％，测定结果与国家军用标准方法的测定结果无系统误差。[著者文摘]

A near infrared spectrometry used for determining water content of tris-[ 1-（2-methyl） azifidinyl ] phosphine oxide （MAPO） was investigated by means of standard addition method and multiple stoichiometry. The calibration models were established by using single wavelength regression, multiple linear regression, principal component regression, partial least square regression and artificial neural network. The accuracy of the calculated results was estimated with predictive residual error sum of squares （PRESS）. The calculated results show that the more accurate result can be obtained by means of the single wavelength calibration model. The experimental results show that the recovery rate of standard addition method is up to 95% - 108% and the relative standard deviation （RSD） reaches 1.6%. There was no system error for the analytical results with standard addition method and national military standard method.[著者文摘]

质量滴定法在铵梯炸药食盐含量测定中的应用

Measured NaCI Mass Fraction of AN-TNT Explosive by Gravimetric Titrimetry

王承涛 刘大斌 潘峰

通过铵梯炸药中食盐含量测定过程中的不确定度分析，探讨了质量滴定法在实际工作中的应用特点。实验中应用质量滴定法标定硝酸银标准溶液的质量分数为ωAgNO3=（1．6622±0．0189）g；k=2；测定铵梯炸药中食盐的质量分数为ωNaCl=（13．30±1．04）g。[著者文摘]

The mass fraction of AgNO3 reference solution measured by gravimetric titrimetry is ωAgNO3 = （1. 6622±0. 0189） ;k=2. The content of NaCl in dynamite measured using this reference solution is ωNaCl = （13. 30 ±1.04）.[著者文摘]

成分输血与临床应用

朱文彤

输血一种安全有效的为贫血患者的治疗手段，已广泛用于临床各科的抢救，但是传统的输全血方法已经不适应现代输血要求，输血作为一门独立的医学科学已进入成分输血时代。成分输血使输血治疗更加科学化，克服了过去输血副作用大、使循环负荷加重，易引起输血反应，不能做到一血多用，浪费血液资源等缺点。随着输血医学日新月异的变化，输血已从输全血到成分血，从替补性到治疗性，从自体到异体，从血液到生物制品。[第一段]